Demographic change is a defining 21st-century megatrend and a key gauge of human progress. The transition from high fertility and mortality to longer lives and smaller families has been particularly rapid in Asia and the Pacific. Although aggregate regional figures mask variation at national and subnational levels, the overall trend is clear: population growth is slowing and age structures are shifting towards a larger and growing share of older persons.

This report examines the demographic drivers reshaping the region, analyses the implications for labour markets and the future of work, and highlights the transformative potential of healthy and active ageing. It documents the substantial economic contributions of older persons — through labour, entrepreneurship, unpaid care and social capital — and makes the case for urgently realigning employment systems, social protection and health policies with demographic realities. The report also explores pathways to women’s economic empowerment, recognizing that gender inequality compounds the vulnerabilities of ageing across the life course.

This report underscores that demographic change is not a challenge to be feared, but a human success story to be embraced. With the right evidence-based and forward-looking policies, sustainable investments and regional cooperation, Asia and the Pacific can harness the opportunities of its rapid demographic change, including its ageing population, strengthen intergenerational solidarity and advance a society for all ages — leaving no one behind.